Renaissance Artists and Their Famous Contributions Essay Example For Students

Renaissance Artists and Their Famous Contributions Essay Denotable was a Renaissance craftsman conceived in Florence, Italy. He was well known for his work of art in bas alleviation, a kind of shadow help design. Imprint Eocene I The Feast of Hero David I Equestrian Monument of Guatemala Judith and Holiness I Poetical was an Italian painter of the Early Renaissance. He hailed from Florence, Italy. Grit Worship of the Magi The Birth of Venus I Primitive Costello Annunciation Augustine I Venus and Mars Magical Nativity Allurement of Christ I Father Vinci was somebody who was gifted and proficient in many, numerous subjects, including science, arithmetic, music, and in particular, craftsmanship. He was the exemplification off Renaissance man if there never was one. The Last Supper Mona Lisa Vitiation Man I The Baptism of Christ Annunciation Woman with an Ermine I Genera De Bench Love of the Magi Jerome in the Wilderness Also known as Michelangelo, he was an Italian Renaissance craftsman. He is regularly viewed as a contender for the title of the prototype Renaissance man, nearby Leonardo father Vinci. Sistine Chapel roof Making of Adam The Last Judgment Tendon The Torment of Saint Anthony The Conversion of Saul I Pietyðâ ¤ Bacchus I Dont David Better known as Just Raphael, an Italian planner and painter of the High Renaissance. He was most popular for the flawlessness and elegance in his work of art. Raphael was viewed as an ace, among Leonardo father Vinci, and Michelangelo.. School of Athens The Transfiguration The Marriage of the Virgin I Resurrection of Christ Self-representation La beauty Sardiniaðâ ©reel Ezekiel Vision The Sistine Madonna Madonna and Child proficient with scene compositions, representations, and mysterious subjects. Assault of Europe Sacrosanct and Profane Love Peaceful Concert I of the Virgin Christ Carrying the Cross The Flaying of Martyrs I Prudence The Worship of Venus Self-representation Assumptio

Occupation Health and Safety Multidisciplinary

Question: Depict about the Occupation Health and Safety for Multidisciplinary. Answer: Word related Health and Safety in Construction and Heavy Lifting Industry Word related wellbeing and security is a multidisciplinary field that is related with the government assistance, wellbeing and security of the individuals at work. The objective of word related wellbeing and security is to encourage a sound and safe workplace. This task will talk about the different viewpoints and components of word related wellbeing and security that will incorporate the specialized turns of events, codes of training, wellbeing and wellbeing enactment, control methods and hazard appraisal as my intelligent record for evaluation of my work obligations and duties regarding the truly difficult work and development industry. Component 1.1 Being a HSQE proficient, the initial step that will be taken by me for advancement of hazard evaluation and including the control quantifies by ensuring that they meet the vital legal necessities, best act of the business and the hierarchical prerequisites. I will be associated with preparing and execution of the accessible workforce, lead work environment investigations, distinguish and assess dangers and screen frameworks identified with wellbeing and security. I will keep up a few kinds of records applicable to the undertaking that will be going about as the assets for getting to the wellbeing and security enactment and best practice. Danger distinguishing proof control, appraisal of undertaking hazard and the related control measures are the ones required for meeting the business best practices, hierarchical necessities and legal prerequisites. The assets that will be made accessible are the rundown of lawful prerequisites as per the ADMA/OSHAD and the UAE Federal Law, JSA of the individual representatives reliant on their activity jobs, review and work environment investigation records, minutes of the TRA gatherings with customer remarks and different proposals and remarks from the HSQE experts. Aside from these, different reports as records and proof that must be utilized are gear agendas for all the hardware accessible in the association like fire dousers, weight siphons and stepping stools, consistence agendas, execution survey records, preparing framework and interior reminders. The Federal work law of UAE incorporates the wellbeing and security of the laborers in the articles 91 to 101 (Elaws.gov.ae). These are the assets that will be looked into by me in all the time according to the authoritative and legal necessities. By looking into these assets, I will have the option to distinguish and recognize holes in the current framework in the event that it neglects to consent to the Federal Laws and other administrative prerequisites of UAE and being an e xpert, I will have the option to find a way to guarantee that the association conforms to the most recent authoritative necessities. Component 1.2 Wellbeing and security are a piece of each business simply like quality and creation. Being a HSQE proficient, it is my duty to deal with the wellbeing and security in the association by utilizing and assessing the accessible wellbeing and security data that will be trailed by embraced explore for building up the hierarchical prerequisites. I will set the destinations of wellbeing and security and create plans for accomplishing them by making somebody liable for completing things. The dependable will be given the assets and abilities for carrying out the responsibility and it will be managed by me that the destinations are met (Bowal and Ariel). For making the framework increasingly successful, I will change and assessing the accessible assets, talk with the workers and archive the whole framework. Data picked up from the assets will explore the discoveries and actualize the necessary activities by me for the distinguished holes by speaking with the partners identified with the wellbeing and security of the association. Correspondence will be made with the workforce for inspiring them for keeping up and building up a security culture in the association. The temporary workers will be spoken with for furnishing wellbeing and security preparing with enlistment before beginning of the work with truly difficult work. The guests will be enough spoken with to guarantee that they are very acquainted with the necessities of wellbeing and security considering prerequisites of the non-English talking guests who have handicaps and are uneducated (Goetsch). The clients will be conveyed for giving them the fundamental wellbeing and security insurances while providing them with the administrations, substances and articles. These are the fundamental exercises that will be completed by me for g uaranteeing the execution of the discoveries from the directed research. Component 2.1 In my association, the crucial data with respect to wellbeing and security in a hard work and development will be gone on through different specialized strategies that will incorporate proper preparing, acceptance preparing, banners and notification, signs, gifts, letters and messages and up close and personal correspondences. Data will be spoken as for the gear checks will be finished by the composed safe methods with the appraisal of the PPE (individual defensive hardware) (Lpez-Alonso et al.). For this, I will discuss the representatives with the activity steps, potential dangers related and the suggested systems for safe occupation as truly difficult work includes a great deal of perils. A subsequent preparing and review will be directed for guaranteeing that the gear will be in a similar working state as it was when purchased. I will do an examination to decide the mishaps with the close to misses that are engaged with the gear to recognize the underlying driver and forestall th e future event dangers. The discoveries will be conveyed to the capable partners through preparing and signs and images. I will order the items that need declarations and information sheets dependent on the sort of development and truly difficult work or the material as required upkeep levels, part structure life and disappointment impact classes for their use. This will alarm the customer with respect to the use and ramifications of the items in regards to their support and strength (Manu et al.). I will ignore the data about new wellbeing efforts and activities for their execution by working out the components required for commitment of the staff individuals, planning instructional pamphlets that are exceptionally powerful, delivering banners that have high effect and making video content that are connecting with for all the representatives with the end goal of truly difficult work exercises. Component 2.2 The techniques and modes of correspondences that are to be utilized in the truly difficult work association need the thought of the entrance of the individual and the gathering laborers to a specific strategy. I will pick the specialized strategy considering its viability in the building site and the simplicity of the technique. The brilliant guideline that I will consider is that I won't utilize a solitary strategy and will utilize different correspondence channels for guaranteeing that substance of the message is rich (Andreasen). A portion of the specialized strategies that will be considered by me are verbal, non-verbal, electronic, composed, casual and formal. The instances of the mediums will incorporate Toolbox talks, messages, fax, updates, banners, telephone discussions and minutes of the gatherings. It has been seen in the development associations that greater part of the staff individuals don't normally get to their email accounts and along these lines, I won't give email as a need for correspondence. For truly difficult work associations, Toolbox Talks are the best mechanism of correspondence as they can be directed at the place of work and the gathering will be short in length (Yates). For the representatives who don't routinely get to their messages, I will set up banners, reminders and minutes of the gatherings on a board for correspondence and it will likewise be utilized for social occasion thoughts from the workers. On the off chance that the workers are not accessible for direct correspondence, telephone discussions will be utilized for discussing them with the data and I will utilize fax for a much comparable reason. Component 2.3 The partners are the ones who are influenced by the activities of the association as they have the worry or enthusiasm for the association. Mishaps at the building website because of hard work can be accounted for promptly either via telephone or online with all the significant subtleties to me as I am the HSQE proficient. From there on, I will enter the subtleties in the mishap book for learning the events. On the off chance that the worker should be alluded to a medical clinic or specialist in the wake of giving the emergency treatment, I will advise the case quickly to the senior organization agents present nearby and the organization office through telephone discussion. A careful examination will be done by me alongside the other organization agents and that will be trailed by the presentation of control measures for evading future issues. Episodes and mishaps will be imparted to me by the different offices and destinations occupied with hard work in regards to the deadly and non-lethal wounds. I will report the perilous events, significant wounds and lethal mishaps to the assigned or close by social insurance office that is out of my association. The Ministry of Labor in UAE requires the association to report the instances of business related wounds to its office inside 24 hours of their event (Mol.gov.ae). Along these lines, it will be compulsory for me to report the word related wounds to the MOL which will likewise incorporate the illnesses that are enrolled in the plan of the word related work malady of UAE. Component 2.4 The procedure of normal support of the overwhelming hardware in truly difficult work and building locales requires exact and complete records and agendas of adjusting. The way toward illustrating the expert

Medical Gas Safety Essay Example

Clinical Gas Safety Paper The developing requirement for clinical gas conveyance frameworks is unavoidable however the government assistance of the patients and the clinical work force is significant consequently the requirement for severe consistence with security principles, codes, and systems is an absolute necessity. Clinical gas frameworks of the here and now are advanced that the pipes frameworks legitimately runs towards the zone where the gas is managed to the patient or utilized in the strategy for the consideration of the patient(Lyczko). Sedation gas supplies are either conveyed through these pipelines or gas chambers. Oxygen, air, nitrogen, and nitrous oxide are the regular gases used in emergency clinics particularly in clinical working rooms. The clinical gas frameworks have the previously mentioned gases as indispensable parts of the fumes vacuum for the rummaging or waste sedation gas removal (WAGD). These gases should be appropriately checked by the anesthesiologist just as the gas machines to guarantee that the patients are sheltered and liberated from perils because of these gases(Morgan). The most required clinical gas particularly in careful territory is oxygen which is 99% or 99. 5% unadulterated. We will compose a custom paper test on Medical Gas Safety explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Medical Gas Safety explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Medical Gas Safety explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Assembling of oxygen is through partial refining of melted air. It is either refrigerated as a fluid or packed and put away in room temperature. As a rule in little clinics this gas is put away in two split banks of H-chambers or high-pressure cylinders(Morgan). The most normally utilized gas for sedative reasons for existing is nitrous oxide which is made through warm decay or warming of the ammonium nitrate. Huge H-chambers that is associated with a programmed hybrid component through a complex is the standard stockpiling place for nitrous oxide. No intricate arrangement of refrigeration is plausible in keeping this gas condensed in light of the fact that its basic temperature is 36. 5Â °C that is above room temperature(Morgan). Patients are not managed with nitrogen however this gas is a need in medical clinics since it is used as force wellspring of working room types of gear like bores and saws. H-chambers with complex fill in as common stockpiling container for this gas(Morgan). Air is generally utilized in anesthesiology systems to forestall the event of risks because of nitrous oxide and high oxygen focuses. Oxygen is blended in with nitrogen to create a clinical evaluation chamber air. The shading codes utilized in USA for clinical gas chambers are as per the following: green for oxygen; yellow for air; dark for nitrogen; and blue for nitrous oxide(Morgan). The essential type of a sedation machine gets clinical gases from the gas gracefully, diminish the strain to control the progression of the required gases, for security it can disintegrate into the last gas mix the unpredictable sedatives, and through breathing circuits that is connected to the patients aviation route gases are delivered(Morgan). Weight checks direct the consistent progression of rotating flexibly pressure. The sedation machine is outfitted with this controllers in chamber and pipeline supplies to diminish the chamber strain to 45 for each square inch measure (psig) consistent and when the pipeline flexibly of gas outperforms 45 psig it shuts off the gracefully in the chamber. The most up to date sort of plumbing framework is a unified channeled clinical gas framework that legitimately acquaints the gases with the patients that needs the gases. This sort of framework supplies the patients with the required gases in a more protected manner than those pressurized chambers that are cumbersome and risky. Guideline of the gases is simpler because of concentrated siphons, chamber complex frameworks or blowers. The National Fire Protection Association carefully actualizes that they will be the one to plan and introduce this system(Lyczko ). Gas chambers have guidelines that are figured, made, and executed by government organizations like Compressed Gas Association, Department of Transportation, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, and the National Fire Protection Association. The chamber has the accompanying parts: chamber valve, security help gadget, holder burden, and check valve(Dosch ). The utilization of gas chambers is generally sheltered however it has the chance of being a reason for a genuine mishap if not took care of and utilized properly(Bojanowski ). Processing the gas substance of a chamber is of importance in deciding the length of the gracefully of the gas to the patient explicitly during transportation of patients. The most widely recognized H chamber for oxygen contains 244 cubic feet while the E chamber for the most part contains 22 cubic feet. A tank factor is a remarkable steady consider utilized the calculation of gas content in the chambers. The tank factor for E chamber is 0. 28 liters for every psi and for H chamber 3. 14 liters for each psi. The gas content is processed by increasing the steady tank factor to the weight which is demonstrated in the measure. Given the pace of the progression of the gas, figuring for the length in which the gas in the chamber will last can be processed. One must remember however that after the figured time has slipped by the chamber will be absolutely vacant in this way an additional ga chamber with substance ought to be prepared(White ). There is an imminent to make unsafe workplace because of packed and condensed gases therefore rules on safe treatment of chambers must be followed. Appropriate gas chamber stockpiling is required to forestall on toward mishaps. Gas chambers ought to be: put away in regions with sufficient ventilation; dodge stockpiling in passage and leave courses, soggy regions, close to destructive synthetic substances or salts or exhaust, territories presented to climates, and warmth; put away in upstanding position; made sure about with top when not utilized; belted suitably over the midpoint or made sure about with divider sections and stands; at any rate 20 feet from combustible regions or things; put away as indicated by kind of danger class; chambers without substance ought to be isolated from void ones; and put away not over one year without utilizing. Just people with appropriate preparing will deal with compacted and condensed gases(Safety). Security gadgets are accessible for additional counteraction of any spillage or mishaps to occur. Among these gadgets are the fixing type washers and the smash type gaskets. In any case, these gadgets have types that are not reusable that normally is the reason for chamber blasts. It is therefore prudent to utilize just fixing washers that are metal-bound elastomeric and abstain from reusing the utilization of smash type gaskets to forestall accidents(FDA ). Other wellbeing gadgets are the DISS and the PIS. DISS or distance across recorded wellbeing framework or snappy associate fittings are expected for pressures equivalent to or lower than 200 psi. This framework stays away from the exchanging of hardware that is planned for various gases or blend of gases(White ). The Pin Indexed Safety System or PISS is associations proposed for provisions of gas that has a gas bay outfitted with a male PISS supplement. This wellbeing gadget is made to stay away from spillage through gas gulfs that will change the mix of gas conveyed to the patient that causes hypoxia. Bodok seals or a metal with elastic ring seals in the chamber square guarantees that the connection to PIS is tight enough(Pinnock). The chambers ought to be taken care of with alert and care to keep away from mishaps that are possibly intense. The transportation of these chambers requires three wheeled streetcars that can bolster the various sizes of chambers being moved. Suspected chambers with holes ought to be kept from being moved with the utilization of a vehicle. Spilling tanks or chambers with oxygen ought to be shielded from being lifted. To check for any holes brush the territory with1% TeepolHB7 or other suitable answers for identifying spills and the nearness of air pockets will showed the presence of breaks. People that transport chambers should wear fitting clothing standard and have defensive attire to forestall harm to self during mishaps. Clinical gases are substances that have an extraordinary hazard for any mishaps include along these lines people liable for assembling, transport, deal, handle, and utilize this must keep rules and guidelines. Life and properties are in question in mishaps that occur because of carelessness in doing undertakings identified with clinical gases accordingly it is handy to follow guidelines carefully. Works Cited Bojanowski , Leszek. Gas Cylinder Safety. 2001. Dosch , Michael P. . The Anesthesia Gas Machine. November 11 2007. http://www. udmercy. edu/crna/agm/03. htm. FDA , U. S. Food and Drug Administration. Fda and Niosh Public Health Notification: Oxygen Regulator Fires Resulting from Incorrect Use of Cga 870 Seals. 2006. November 11 2007. http://www. fda. gov/cdrh/wellbeing/042406-o2fires. html. Lyczko , Edward J. The Human Factors of Medical Gas Systems. PM Engineer 6. 9 (2000): 34-44. Morgan, G. Edward ; Mikhail, Maged S. ; Murray, Michael J. Clinical Anesthesiology. Pinnock, Colin A. ; Lin, Ted ; Smith, Tim, ed. Basics of Anesthesia. Wellbeing, Iowa State University Environmental Health . Gas Cylinder Safety Guidelines. 1997. http://www. ehs. iastate. edu/distributions/manuals/gascylinder. pdf. White , Gary C. Fundamental Clinical Lab Competencies for Respiratory Care: An Integrated Approach.

Business marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 9250 words

Business promoting - Essay Example Research is a movement that is planned to show up at an answer for an inquiry or set of inquiries. (Ghauri and Gronhaug, 2005). Along these lines, inquire about should be executed in a precise manner with appropriate arranging. Saunders et al. (2007) see inquire about as an onion with various layers (figure 3.1). Figure 3.1: The Research ‘Onion’ Source: Saunders et al., (2007) according to the examination onion, the five layers of research will be Research reasoning, inquire about methodology, investigate procedure, time skyline and information assortment (Saunders et al., 2007). 3.2 RESEARCH PHILOSOPHY Research theory alludes to the strategy and systems utilized by the scientist dependent on the researcher’s singular suppositions. Saunders et al. (2007) states that an examination reasoning is identified with the nature and improvement of the information. Accordingly, an exploration reasoning is generally founded on the researcher’s observation about inform ation and its turn of events. An examination procedure is affected by three significant thinking’s of research theory which are axiology, philosophy and epistemology. Axiology is the edge reference for logical morals (Edwards, 1995). As referenced, axiology shapes the investigation of the moral part, that is, worth and standards by utilizing scientific evidence. Philosophy is about the conduct of social elements. Cosmology is respected with the idea of social substances, where it has the inquiry whether social elements can and ought to be considered as target elements that have a reality outside to the social entertainers, or whether they can and ought to be viewed as social developments develop from the recognitions and activities of social on-screen characters (Bryman and Bell, 2007). The two principle hypotheses of philosophy are objectivism and contructionism. The third reasoning Epistemology clarifies about information. It brings up the issue with respect to what ought t o be considered as the ideal information in an order. (Bryman and Bell, 2007). Epistemology guarantees whether a region of study merits the exploration. (Gill and Johnson, 2010). The three research divisions of Epistemology are positivism, authenticity and interpretivism. 3.2.1 Positivism could be considered as an epistemological position that bolsters the use of the strategies to learning of a social reality and past (Bryman and Bell, 2007). Checkland (1999) clarifies that positivism is a technique for getting information which can be tried freely with a discerning intuition bolstered by perception and experimentation apparatuses. In an exploration with positivism, the scientist will receive a philosophical methodology for showing up at an answer. Saunders et al. (2007) Therefore, a discerning and astute experimentation is the essential focal point of positivism. According to Kolb (1984), an analyst is an accommodator. This depends on the idea of ‘Learning Style Assessment.â €™ Such analyst falls under the class of positivists. (Figure 3.2). This shows the mentality and interests of the specialists in having a go at tackling issues. Positivism weights on information and perceptions that are quantifiable and that can be factually investigated. (Remenyi et al., 1998). Through apparatuses, for example, polls, information will be gathered and measurable instruments will be utilized to break down the equivalent. Investigation will likewise be founded on the circumstances. The specialist will incline toward working with an obvious social sureness and that the end

Cash Transfer Programmes - 550 Words

Cash Transfer Programmes (Essay Sample) Content: ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT By Name Tutor Institution Date Cash Transfer Programmes From the theory of economic welfare, efficiency allocation and distribution of economic resources is healthy for a growing economy (EMEs). Efficiency distribution of resources, in EMEs, is achieved through the use of cash transfer programmes together with redistributive tax policies. For instance, redistributive tax polices reduce the income (poverty) gap in a country by imposing more tax on high income earners as compared to low income earners. Barrientos (2004) argue that cash transfer programmes more of these programmes, are directed to those areas where poverty is dominant. Though cash transfer programs have effects, the may trigger behavioral characteristics among individuals, which may be positive or negative. The first behavioral characteristic is attributed to consumer spending. Behavioral and economic analysts argue that cash transfer programmes re central in promoting effective (rational) consumption expenditure among households. Pingali (2004) argue that these programmes makes people to know how best to spend their money. With cash transfer programmes, individuals will maintain their consumption behavior patterns over a long period, if the cash inflow is certain. Uninterrupted individual spending is healthy in desirable economic decisions. Also, these programmes will helpful in minimizing anti-social behavior (especially in girls and women) associated with poverty such an early marriages and prostitution (Guardian News and Media Limited 2012). This will help to uplift the social status of women in a society. If not property instituted, cash transfer programmes may promote reckless consumption behavior, and waste of economic resources. For men, cash transfer programmes may form a loophole for anti-social spending behaviors (drug and substance abuse) due to existence of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"excess and free' money. You can relate these programmes to free money given to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"youths', by politicians, during political campaigns. How do they spend this money? Obviously irresponsibly! The above analysis postulates that cash transfer programmes have varying effects on individuals' behavior. However, emphasis should be placed on how the whole process will occur. This calls for a high degree of supervision, during the structuring and implementation of these programmes. Import Substitution be an Integral Component of a developing country's growth strategy Import substitution is a government strategy with is aimed restricting industrial imports to promote production and consumption of goods and services. The strategy is mostly applied in emerging economies through the use of high tariffs, and quotas. A tariff takes the form of taxes imposed on imports and exports. Quotas take the form of restrictions on quantities produced and sold (Rittenberg et.al 2008, p.434). Economists argue that import substitution can be used to trigger economic development, especially in developing countries. However, the strategy may have some implications, which are economically undesirable. To analyze this concept, let us focus on the "two sides of the coinà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ; arguments for and against. The main argument for import substitution is that it can facilitate economic development by protecting local infant industries from unfair competition. The basis of this argument relies on the fact that exports are often cheap than locally produced goods. It is assumed that foreign firms (in advanced economies) produced at low costs (due to economies of scale), which makes the charge low lower prices than those of domestic firms. Ideally, imports create unfair competition in the local market (Alm et.al 2002, p. 300). If imports are allowed to freely penetrate in domestic markets, individual consumers will swift to imports. The prices and sales of domestic products will deteriorate, which may cause domestic firms to collapse. In summary, import substitution promotes domestic employment, innovation, self-reliance, and BOP surplus in developing economies. Lack of competition , due to import substitution polic...

Chinua Achebes Portrayal of Pre-Colonial Africa - Literature Essay Samples

The concept of balance in Achebes novel, Things Fall Apart, is an important theme throughout the book. Achebe introduces this idea with an excerpt from William Butler Yeatss poem, The Second Coming. The notion of balance is stressed here as important, because if balance does not exist, order is lost. This novel is a complex portrait of African tribal society prior to European colonization. By employing masterful techniques of description, linguistic comparison and strong proverbial context, a chance is given to the reader to realize the rich traditions and customs that generated stability in that society. There are many structures of balance that the Ibo culture seems to depend upon. All of which contribute to the demise of the main character, Okonkwo, the Ibo religion, and ultimately, the Ibos autonomy. This unraveling of affairs is spearheaded by a tremendous imbalance between notably masculine and feminine concepts. These yin and yang aspects, so to speak, might well be described as the external, physical strength of the male, opposed by the internal, passive strength of the female. Achebe formulates a brilliant dichotomy here. It will be the purpose of this essay to investigate these forces and to clarify Achebes statement of the Western viewpoint of African culture, history and language.Okonkwo, often compared and contrasted to many Western heroes, was born the son of Unoka. Unoka was known to be indolent and unsuitably idle. He preferred to stay at home playing his flute, drinking, and socializing, rather than toiling to cultivate and maintain the crops needed to support his family. Because of this, his father never had enough money, and his family went hungry. He carried a high level of debt in order to maintain this lifestyle. If any money came his way . . . he immediately bought gourds of palm wine, called round his neighbors and made merry (Achebe 4). Okonkwo perceived this as an imbalance toward the female, or passive, side of his fathers character. Remaining home and not using ones strength to provide for the family is characteristic of how women behave. He works hard to rebuke Unokos errant ways. Thus, Okonkwo rejects his father, and consequently, the feminine side of himself. He becomes a star wrestler and warrior in his tribe to provide for his family at a very young age. At the same time, he starts a new farm and begins to accumulate his own wealth, and eventually a title. His hard work proves itself in his success, and he soon becomes prominent and respected in his tribe. Having attained wealth, many wives and children, he feels that he has dominated over is fathers feminine follies. His big ambition is to become one of the powerful elders of the tribe. Okonkwo feels stable and secure in his pursuit of masculinity in its extremes.However, it soon becomes apparent that not everything is ideal. His son, Nwoye, is not quite living up to the expectations of becoming a man. Nwoye . . . was already causing his father great an xiety for his incipient laziness (Achebe 12). He favors his mother, preferring to listen to the womens stories, and is somewhat adverse to his fathers tales of battle and victory2E Nwoye has many qualms about the practices of the tribe, thus making him very susceptible when missionaries come to Umuofia. Nwoye is attracted to the Christian religion of the white man because of its unqualified acceptance of everyone. This recognition seems to Nwoye to be as unconditional as a mothers love for her child.Nwoyes conversion devastates Okonkwo. Although he has been harsh with his son, he still believes in Nwoyes potential to become a great clansman. Nwoyes rejection of Ibo values, however, strikes the dire blow to Okonkwos hopes for him. In addition, Nwoyes actions undermine Okonkwos own status and prestige, already damaged by his exile. It is, as Okonkwo thinks at the end of Chapter Seventeen, as though all of his hard work to distance himself from the legacy of his father is destroyed. Of this, Okonkwo reflects, Living fire begets cold impotent ash (Achebe 153), where fire is the powerful, destructive, male force, and ashes the inert, weak, female force.Okonkwo sets to return to Umuofia proud and confident despite the tragedy of his sons grave transgression. He dreams of regaining his status, [seeing] clearly the high esteem in which he [will] be held, and he even [sees] himself taking the highest title in the land (Achebe 172). When he does return home, he finds that the church has changed things so much, that few take any interest at all. He has hoped that his daughters marriages would help to bring him some reflected glory but, again, this does not garner Umuofias attention.The opportunity to be a warrior once again soon presents itself to Okonkwo. This is his last chance to recapture some of his lost glory. His motivations for wanting revenge, including his humiliation in jail, are deeply personal. Having been imprisoned for properly delivering tribal justice, O konkwo prepares to act alone after being released. He dons the customary war dress, remembering his former magnificence in battle. The events of the past couple of days have brought leaders from all of the clans nine tribes to a meeting the morning after Okonkwo and the other egwuwu are released. He strikes out at one of the court messengers sent to break up the meeting, and kills him with a swift blow of his machete. Okonkwos fate is sealed, as the tribe does not respond in favor of his action. He wipes his machete clean and leaves to take his own life.Unokas words ring true in this discourse. A proud heart can survive a general failure because such a failure does not prick its pride. It is more difficult and more bitter when a man fails alone (Achebe 24-25). In fact, this serves as a fatalistic prediction of all the losses that Okonkwo experiences despite his constant efforts to distance himself from the model of indolence and irresponsibility that his father gave him. He values his personal success and status over the survival of the community and, having risen to the top of the clans economic and political hap alone, he fails alone2E Okonkwos lack of concern for the fate of his community is manifested when, before the clan-wide meeting, he doesnt bother to exchange greeting with anyone. He is ultimately only concerned about his own fate. Despite his life of hard work and the wealth and prestige, he dies alone in disgrace, as had his father. The ignominy is even carried through after his death, as the action of his suicide is deemed an offense against the Earth (Achebe 207). Therefore, he is denied a proper burial and decency even in death. Thus is how things fall apart for Okonkwo.The Ibo religion falls in much the same way. This religion is centered about the worship of male gods and ancestors. The female god among these may be the Earth goddess, but Okonkwo offends this goddess three times in the story to save his masculine image. He does this when he b eats his wife during the week of peace, when he strikes down his adopted son, and again when he inadvertently kills Ezeudus son. The irony of his crimes is that they are committed in effort to assert his masculinity. The latter being the gravest. Killing a fellow clansman was a crime of two kinds, male and female (Achebe 124). Okonkwo committed the female, which meant it was unintentional2E This misfortune leads to his exile and eventual downfall. The gods functions are mainly to help in war, and to aid the yearly yam harvest, which is considered a mans crop. The highest members in the religious organization, the egwuwu, are the most respected men in the society; during ceremonies, they get into costumes and play the role of the previously mentioned ancestors. Women do not participate in these customary ceremonies. The primary influence women have in this religion is in the role of the oracle, a woman, who embodies a male god. It is the women, also, who practice witchcraft, which is greatly feared in the tribes, but it should be noted that even this is a passive force with only intangible connections to any physical effects. In the novel, Chielo serves this function well and even garners the respect of the tribe that elevates her above the feminine station allotted to woman.With the introduction of the Christian religion, which preaches universal acceptance, many members of the clan who are dissatisfied with the Ibo religion are drawn toward it. Some of the title-less men, or efulefu, who are described as women in the tribe, soon become the most zealous of converts. Nwoye dislikes the practice of exposing supposedly evil twin babies in the woods, and feels that the senseless killing of Ikemefuna was wrong. This discontent with Ibo tradition immediately draws him to the new religion because it preaches that killing the innocent is wrong. This acceptance of all embodies what a leader of the people of Okonkwos motherland said about the nature of the mother. Uchen du says to Okonkwo, When there is sorrow and bitterness [a man] finds refuge in his motherland. Your mother is there to protect you (134). These ideas filled a gap for many tribesmen that the Ibo religion could not fill, since it was so unbalanced toward the male. The Ibo religion thereafter grew less powerful.The missionaries also on several accounts test the taboos of the Ibo religion. Among these digressions are the killing of the sacred python, the efulefu cutting their hair, and the building of the church in the Evil Forest. These direct challenges of traditional belief are dually resounding and only serve to contribute further to the downfall of the Ibos sacred traditions. Eventually the tribesmen attempt to reverse this by killing and burning down the church, but the white man has taken hold. The attempt ends in failure, the hero dies shamefully and most of the tribe is converted. In effect, Achebe uses religion to demonstrate how things fall apart.In general, the way of life that the Ibo have enjoyed over many generations disintegrates from the influence of the European missionaries. Some of the wise elders say that Umuofia is getting weaker because the tribes have failed to intermix the way they once had, and instead are in constant competition with each other. Uchendu suggests this to Obierika when he visits Okonkwo during his exile by saying, Those were the good days when a man had friends in distant clans. You generation does not know that. You stay at home, afraid of your next-door neighbor (Achebe 137). Few of the tribal people understand the importance of the saying mother is supreme, and therefore lose connection with their motherland. Okonkwo encourages his son to lose his connection with his own mother in favor of the connection with his father and thus his masculine side. In addition, when Okonkwos daughter comes of the age to marry, Okonkwo feels it best not to deny the many suitors from his motherland, in order to have her marry someone in his fatherland. He does this in order to gain a better position there. Even within Umuofia, the tribes were so unfamiliar with each other, that they find some customs to be quite strange and foreign.All these things serve to drive the tribes of Umuofia apart, creating an extreme imbalance between masculine and feminine forces. This sets them against each other, so that when a foreign influence is introduced, they are not able to come together and help each other. When the first missionary comes to Umuofia, he was killed because of the male ideas to dispatch unknown, foreign evils. The white man retaliates quickly by sending out soldiers and guns to annihilate the offending tribe. This serves as an example how male power could so easily fail when imbalanced. Soon, more missionaries come, but the Ibo allow them to stay because of what had happened before. The missionaries appeal for land to build a church on. In an attempt discourage the missionaries, the tribe allows its constructi on in the Evil Forest. Their beliefs assure them of the white mans eventual failure, but this is only serves the missionaries purpose of discrediting their religion when they ultimately survive.Perhaps this feminine, or unknown, attribute of the evil woods allows the church to stand unaffected and even flourish despite the evils surrounding it. Here the author uses dialectic images to symbolize the descriptions of day and night. It might be apparent that the night belongs to the female, and the day belongs to the male. It is during the day that the males do their deeds. At night, they return home to the comfort of their wives cooking and the comfort of their beds. It is also at night that the Oracle was most active, as was the witch. The men feared the night and all of the unknown things that dwelt there. However, during the night, the Oracle and the witch fearlessly walked the woods and practiced their magic. It might also be argued that the woods are also part of the night, for th is is where the unknown evils lurk that might place indescribable hexes upon any intruders. Twin babies, committers of evil deeds, and the evil ogbanja spirits that haunted mothers were all thrown into the evil woods. The fear of the unknown and the practice of committing it as feminine create more imbalances on which the fate of the Ibo ultimately hinges.The white mans introduction of their form of government is also displayed as evil in itself. The author seems to point this out, since the government imposed its own laws and ways upon the people without knowing anything about their own. This government had the power to enforce these laws with sheer physical power. Perhaps Achebe is also criticizing this disbalance of the masculine and feminine, but, in any case, the tribes own physical power proves ineffectual against it, and in the end, they submit to these foreign influences, becoming subjects of the British Empire instead. By the time things begin to fall apart, it becomes clea r that what the colonialists have unraveled is the complex Ibo culture, from one individual to the community as a whole.The author definitely suggests that there is a balance to all systems, and that when that balance is lost, the system is reduced to chaos. This imbalance can be traced down to an inequity between masculine and feminine forces2E It must be considered as something analogous, on a similar didactic scale, and something to do with order versus entropy. In the quotation of Yeatss poem, this comes into play when the falconer loses control of the falcon as it spirals up into the skies. It is difficult to say what the outcome might have been if these forces had been more in harmony. It could be questioned what would have happened if Okonkwo had not offended the earth goddess and gained a position as a leader of the clan. In addition, it might be asked what would have occurred if his ambition had not pushed him in this perilous direction in the first place. Other questions a rise regarding whether the Ibo religion could satisfy its constituents enough so that foreign influence did not become a threat; or whether as a whole, united completely, the Ibo could have stood up against the external influence and military power of the Europeans. Achebe does not seem to offer responses to these issues. He also does not infer that things would have been different if the Ibo could have been resistant to the ideas introduced by the foreigners. The author merely laments the death of this culture in spite of its weaknesses, and strives to counter the negative and stereotypical view of traditional African culture.Things Fall Apart is presented in English from the viewpoint of the Ibo culture. It deals with how individual characters as well as the society as a whole deals with change. Achebe creates a masterpiece that presents the significance of balance. He argues that when this balance is lost, chaos ensues, and indeed, things fall apart.

Class and Gender in Wuthering Heights Essays - 704 Words

Conflict as a result of class and gender division is a common theme seen throughout Emily Bront#235;s novel Wuthering Heights. Social contrasts and gender boundaries create oppression and tension amongst the characters, affecting their composure and behaviour throughout the novel. The most obvious distinction between upper and lower classes is with the two settings; Thrushcross Grange and Wuthering Heights. Both places differ significantly in both disposition and appearance. The society in Wuthering Heights is that of the working class. Wuthering Heights is a worn out farm that represents difficulty; ruthlessness, and hard work. Life at Wuthering Heights is more domestic yet spiteful revenge and personal struggles envelop the†¦show more content†¦Heathcliffs social position is solidified by the treatment he receives from almost everyone at Wuthering Heights. Heathcliff has little nobility as a child and even after he becomes a wealthy gentleman later in his life his past is still a label that follows him. Throughout the novel characters leave Wuthering Heights however something causes them to return. This is seen with Heathcliff when he moves away and returns with money, it is also seen with Catherines moving to Thrushcross Grange. No matter how hard these characters try to alter their past lives, there is a part of Wuthering Heights they cannot escape from. There are displays of revenge caused by the separations between social standings. Heathcliff shows that he is a vengeful person when he is resented by Hindley for taking Mr Earnshaws affection. Heathcliff confirms his social subordination by obeying Hindleys orders and becoming his servant after the death of Mr.Earnshaw. Heathcliff privately expresses his merciless side to Catherine by saying, Im trying to settle how I shall pay Hindley back...I hope he will not die before I do (Bront#235; 153). In Wuthering Heights, a persons social standing is more important to their life than their own happiness is. This is shown through Catherine when she chooses to marry Edgar instead of Heathcliff, Edgar is from Thrushcross Grange; he has money, he has status himself and will thus enhance Catherines social standing.Show MoreRelatedFeminism And The Social, Economic, And Political Equality Of The Sexes1619 Words   |  7 PagesWuthering Heights: Feminism Feminism, or â€Å"The belief in the social, economic, and political equality of the sexes.† (Elinor Burkett, Laura Brunell paragraph 1) was a very popular topic in Victorian fiction, and still is to this day with the first signs of feminist logic appearing in 3rd century BCE for the attempted appeal of women’s use of expensive goods, and continuing on to the present day third wave of feminism. 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