The Importance Of Collective Memory In 1984 - 2005 Words

Nineteen Eighty-Four by George Orwell is one of the most famous books of all time and is easily the most well-known dystopian novel. Set in London in the year 1984 (surprise!) the story revolves around a character named Winston and his small rebellion against his society, the nation of Oceania. Oceania is a totalitarian society that attempts to control the thoughts of its citizens through the use propaganda, young indoctrination, threat of punishment, and the constant modification of proof of the past. Because of this extreme control over the society’s collective thought and memory Oceania believes that it can effectively control the past, present and future. Most people disagree with that claim because they believe that the absolute truth†¦show more content†¦Eventually Winston is caught by Oceania and subjected to torture by a man named O’Brien until Winston agrees with everything Oceania claims, just like everyone else. It is very understandable to argue wit h the point of view that fact does not matter, in fact, this is perhaps the single policy of Oceania that Winston is most against. At one point Winston muses that â€Å"if [Oceania] could thrust its hand into the past and say of this or that event, it never happened—that, surely, was more terrifying than mere torture and death† (35). And he is right, that is a terrifying thought. â€Å"Truisms are true, hold onto that!† is the rallying call of logic, it says that â€Å"two plus two make four† (93). That is what most ordinary people will hold onto, the belief that a true statement deserves recognition as such no matter if most people claim as such. At various points in the book Winston wonders that â€Å"perhaps a lunatic was simply a minority of one† (82). He flip-flops between the two sides but at one point, the point that people most agree with him, he decides that â€Å"if you clung to the truth even against the whole world, you were not madâ €  (223). It seems logical to agree with Winston and â€Å"believe that reality is something objective, external, existing in its own right† but when one considers the society as a whole one realizes that statement does not matter. It does not matter what reality is, or how a lone individual perceives reality,Show MoreRelated1984, by George Orwell: An Analysis of a Totalitarian Society1605 Words   |  7 Pagespolitical and cultural expression is suppressed, (dictionary.com). Essentially, totalitarianism is a type of government in which the person or people in power seek to maintain absolute control over every person under their authority, with virtually all importance eliminated from the concept of an individual. The term was characterized by Hannah Arendt, the German-American political theorist who wrote The Origins of Totalitarianism, inspired by Hitler and Stalin of the just-finished World War II and just-startingRead MoreAnalysis Of Ray Bradbury s Fahrenheit 451 159 1 Words   |  7 Pages451 is a display of how humans are relying more and more on technology for entertainment at the price of their ability for intellectual development. It is a novel about technological dystopia, often compared to other novels such as, George Orwell’s 1984 and Asimov Ender’s Game. Although today’s technology has not quite caught up with Bradbury’s expectations, the threat of having his vision of a dystrophic society is very realistic. He sees a futuristic society in which this submission of thought isRead MoreThe Victims Of History By George Orwell1234 Words   |  5 PagesThe Victims of History the importance in critical history studies In his critically acclaimed novel, 1984, George Orwell wrote the following; â€Å"Who controls the past controls the future. And who controls the present controls the past.† When discussing the validity of studying history critically, I think this quote accurately highlights many of the key points that are discussed when it comes to studying history. Critical history analysis prompts us to consider more than just the information we areRead MoreThe Mind Of The Unconscious Mind1634 Words   |  7 Pagesmind. The unconscious mind contains the essential aspects of the mind that occur automatically and are not available to be self-examined or scrutinize under a microscope. These aspects of the mind include thought process, affect, motivation and memory. Before Freud, German Romantic philosopher Friedrich Schelling in the 18th-century first developed the term â€Å"unconscious.† Along side with Leibniz, Kant, Herbart, Benecke, Wundt, Hamilton, Maudsley and many others, their aim was to â€Å"identify at oneRead More Imagining the Future in Iraq Essay1293 Words   |  6 Pagespiece with the following irony in mind: while those like Rumsfeld have stated There will be no theocracy in Iraq, the U.S.s campaign is encouraging religious fervor, activism, and sedition against the occupying powers. Just as in George Orwells 1984, where the government was in the business of tampering with public records to push their agenda, so too is the current administration sugar-coating the truth with falsehood and deceptively harming the American public by keeping them in the dark. WouldntRead MoreEssay about 19841272 Words   |  6 PagesThe theme of 1984 lies in the fact that it is possible for any one authoritative power to have absolute control or reality by gaining control of the minds of a collective society because they are the ones who perceive what reality is. The only relevant reality is the one in the minds of the individuals and if the minds of the individuals can be manipulated, so can reality. In the novel, the party can control the past because it can effectively control reality through the human mind. When the populationRead MoreDystopia Essay: 1984 and Harrison Bergeron1818 Words   |  8 Pagesexploration of Utopias and Dystopias. The novels Utopia by Thomas More and 1984 by George Orwell and short story Harrison Bergeron by Kurt Vonnegut explore the Utopic and Dystopic genre through the structure and regulations of their societies. In Utopia, More provides us with a contemporary understanding of society and human nature, with an indepth study of morals, values and beliefs in England around the Renaissance Era. 1984 was published while the Second World War was fresh in people’s minds, creatingRead MoreStrategic Choice Theory1554 Words   |  7 Pagesplanning. The essential of a firm or a government’s strategy is to make the right choice.   They cannot afford to try all the strategies with their limited resources and abilities. The Strategic Choice Theory was first proposed by Kochan (Kochan, et.al, 1984) and his colleagues in the mid 1980s attempting to explain the transformation of the U.S. industrial relations when all other contemporary theories failed to. For example, in 1960s and 1970s th e Dunlop’s systems theory (Dunlop, 1958) was widely acceptedRead MoreAwareness6564 Words   |  27 PagesBetween Inner Life and Collective Memory. A Methodological Reflection. Franà §ois-Xavier Lavenne, Virginie Renard, Franà §ois Tollet1 Introduction In the writing of their fictional works, novelists often have to reflect on the functioning of memory, for memory lies at the heart both of inner life and of human experience in general. It is indeed in the works of writers such as Marcel Proust or Jorge Luis Borges that the best exemplifications of the subjective experience of memory are to be found. HoweverRead MoreCarl Jung s Attitude Towards Women1786 Words   |  8 Pagesown ceremony was an unconscious act, and one that was influenced by rituals he had never heard of, in distant locations that he had never visited. His findings would later serve to support his work about symbols, psychological archetypes, and the collective unconscious. Early Career Jung did not initially plan to pursue psychiatry because it was not considered prestigious at the time. His attitude towards psychiatry changed, however, when he read a textbook that described psychoses as personality

The Importance Of Writing Skills And Oral Skills - 867 Words

The Importance of Writing Skills and Oral skills Mr. Price emphasized the importance of writing skills. He said that when you use it daily it is always important to sound professional. He also said what person would like to go through a document or email and see errors throughout. The textbook states, â€Å"many job listings mention the need for excellent oral and written communication† (Guffey and Loewy 3). Mr. Price told me that he had an ASM that worked for him in the past and he had terrible writing skills and one day he had to reply to an online complaint. The ASM had an error filled response which only angered the customer more. Mr. Price also told me that if you don’t have good oral skills you will not have success in the business world. He said you will need to talk professionally when you need to and there will be times you can be more relaxed. The textbook reads, â€Å" Strong communication skills will make you marketable even in a tough economic climate† (Guffey and Loewy 2). What Mr. Price told me matches the textbook. He said you will need your oral skills in many ways which include dealing with customers good or bad, giving constructive criticism and in some cases apologizing to customers. Constructive Criticism Mr. Price said that you always want to avoid angering the person you are giving constructive criticism to. The textbook states, â€Å"Criticism is rarely constructive when tempers flare† (Guffey and Loewy 360). He also pointed out that you should ask the personShow MoreRelatedEnhancing The Learners Communicative Language Essay964 Words   |  4 Pageshighlighted vocabulary connections with the four skills: reading (e.g. Laufer, 1992; Qian, 1999, 2002; Alderson, 2000); listening (e.g. Bonk, 2000; Alderson Huhta, 2005; Rost, 2005); writing (e.g. Arnaud, 1992; Laufer Nation, 1995; Laufer, 1998; Laufer Paribakht, 1998; Schoonen et al., 2003) and speaking (e.g. Levelt, 1993; Adams, 1980; Adolphs Schmitt, 2003, 2004; Durà ¡n, Malvern, Richards, Chipere, 2004). In this section, the importance of speaking will be reviewed along with its foundationRead MoreThe Importance Of A Few College General Education Courses1070 Words   |  5 Pagesaid with in college. These general educ ation courses teach basic skills required for every profession and provide the knowledge required for understanding more complicated courses to come. This paper will discuss the importance of a few college general education courses, such as oral communications, composition, and mathematics. The first course that this paper will discuss is oral communications. When many students think of oral communications or speech class they think of people giving presentationsRead MoreCommunication For The Field Of Accounting1122 Words   |  5 Pagescolleges, who are seeking employment from accounting firms, only focus on understanding the technical skills of accounting. An entry level job for these graduates is auditing. Auditors analyze financial statements of a company and then provide solutions to the company’s financial issues. In order to successfully communicate in the field of accounting, auditors must be proficient in oral and written skills. In an article written by the two C-level executives of MetricStream Inc. and Elevate Consulting(typeRead MoreOral Language and Child Development1498 Words   |  6 Pagesfoundational aspect of all children’s learning is oral language. Communication orally entails the ability to include four components of spoken language to incorporate, and build on, a child’s vocabulary and grammar. These four elements consist of the phonological, syntactic, semantic and pragmatic components. Development of a child’s language skills should form together resulting in literacy success later in life. In order to master the teaching of oral language, three strategies are used. These includeRead MoreThe Importance Of A Good Writing Skills806 Words   |  4 Pages Many customers associate their experience with the customer service they receive at any place of business. The ability to communicate both orally and in writing are essential job skills needed to perform a job task tho roughly and efficiently, while still maintaining the satisfaction of the clients as well as the organization. Oral communication is very important for an employee to possess because it allows the staff to interact more effectively, helps an individual give instructions and explanationsRead MoreTo What Extent Are Employers Looking for Communication Skills in University Graduates?1420 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction This essay will discuss and detail what potential employers look for in graduates when they leave their respect universities and to what extent are communication skills important to them. In order to completely understand the question key terms need to be explained. Communication is usually described as the exchange of information from one person to another through written or spoken words, symbols and or actions to reach a common understanding (Boddy, 2008). The term graduate relatesRead MoreLiteracy Learning Of A Child s Schooling Essay1685 Words   |  7 Pagesby society and valued by individuals and communities.† (pg.19) This definition clearly highlights the importance of skills and knowledge, which children must learn to help them not only develop their English language but to engage in all learning areas of the curriculum. â€Å"As language is central to learning and English is the medium for most learning in the New Zealand Curriculum, the importance of literacy in Eng lish cannot be overstated.† (Ministry Of Education, 2007, p.16) The ability to read,Read MoreUnit 2 Business Resources1106 Words   |  5 Pagesprocess for a finance worker. My second task will be to prepare a list of employability, personal and communication skills required for working as a finance officer. I will need to write a supporting statement stating the skills I possess which will make me suitable for the job. My final task will be to prepare a report, assessing the importance of employability and personal skills in the recruitment and retention of staff in the accounts department. Recruitment process for a finance officer FinanceRead MoreClassroom Is Not The Classroom Of Yesterday1050 Words   |  5 Pagesessential skills and key learning competencies. To understand the need for integration, one can look at the research into employability skills required by the next generation of employees. Key employability skills, as defined by the federal government (2015) in its â€Å"Essential Skills† profiles (notably reading, writing, numeracy, oral communication, critical thinking, digital technology skills, and working with others) and by the Conference Board of Canada (2016) in its Employability Skills 2000+ (especiallyRead MoreAnalyzing And Teaching Reading : Fluency And Comprehension902 Words   |  4 PagesCh. 8: Assessing and Teaching Reading: Fluency and Comprehension The Common Core State Standards place importance on the ability for students to understand and analyze key ideas in text. Students who have reading fluency are able to read text at a steady rate, summarize supporting details, and analyze different points of view. To assess a student’s fluency rate, teachers can measure WCPM, the words read correctly per minute in 2-3 grade-level passages. To assess reading comprehension, teachers

Afam Studies Free Essays

Michelle Fleming AFAM Ch 18 Questions 1. Explain why and how some of the New Deal programs, like the AAA and the Civilian Conservation Corps, were discriminatory. The New Deal marked an important shift in the American electoral landscape as significant numbers of African Americans gave their votes to Franklin D. We will write a custom essay sample on Afam Studies or any similar topic only for you Order Now Roosevelt and the Democratic Party for the first time, establishing a political loyalty that has endured for roughly seventy years. New Deal recovery and relief programs rapidly became a central element in blacks’ endeavors to survive the harsh economic realities of the Depression. One of these programs, the Civilian Conservation Corps, provided more than a quarter of a million young black men with jobs and was consequently another arena in which the black community waged the struggle for greater equality. Although policy prohibited discrimination, blacks and other minorities encountered numerous difficulties in the CCC. In the early years of the program, some camps were integrated. By 1935, however, there was, in the words of CCC director Fechner, a â€Å"complete segregation of colored and white enrollees,† but â€Å"segregation is not discrimination. At its peak, more than 250,000 African Americans were enrolled in nearly 150 all-black CCC company. 2. What was the effect of the Social Security Act on African Americans? How did that program reveal that whites often wanted to keep poor white women and blacks in subservient positions? The Social Security Act excluded those job categories blacks traditionally filled. â€Å"Negro Work† such as garb age collection, working in foundries, or domestic service was seen as jobs for blacks; now desperate whites used terror and intimidation of get employers to fire blacks so whites could have those jobs . How did African Americans survive the Great Depression? The depression hit African Americans hard. While many African Americans were already living in poverty, white employers felt no reservations about firing their black workers first and by 1932 more than half of African Americans were out of the jobs. Racial tensions grew as economic tensions mounted; lynching’s in the south saw a huge resurgence. â€Å"Although there were many inequities in the New Deal housing, agricultural and economic programs, blacks had opportunities to obtain employment, some in areas previously closed to them. Black writers, for example, participated in the New Deal’s writing projects, while other black Americans interviewed former slaves for the Works Project Administration (WPA)† 3. What was the NAACP role during the 1920s through the 1940s? NAACP’s anti-lynching campaign of the 1930s combined widespread publicity about the causes and costs of lynching, a successful drive to defeat Supreme Court nominee John J. Parker for his white supremacist and anti-union views and then defeat senators who voted for confirmation, and a skillful effort to lobby Congress and the Roosevelt administration to pass a federal anti-lynching law. Southern senators filibustered, but they could not prevent the formation of a national consensus against lynching; by 1938 the number of lynching’s declined steeply. Through the 1930s and much of the 1940s, the NAACP initiated suits that dismantled aspects of the edifice of segregated education, each building on the precedent of the previous one. Not until the late 1940s did the NAACP believe it politically feasible to challenge directly the constitutionality of â€Å"separate but equal† education itself. . What did the â€Å"Scottsboro Boys† case illustrate about society? What role did racism play? The case of the Scottsboro Boys shows the deep seated, racist, white fear of the alleged black male rapist, in this case in the guise of youth. It showed the power of this fear to, override evidence and reason in the determination of guilt and innocence. The issue was neither guilt nor innocence; rather, it maintained white supremacy and the repression of black freedo m. Nevertheless, the concerted efforts to undo the wrongs against the Scottsboro Boys contributed significantly to the ongoing African-American struggle and the interrelated struggle to defeat Jim Crow 5. What was the role of the Communist Party during the 1920s and 1930s. Why did some blacks find communism appealing? How did the communists affect civil rights activism? During the 1930’s, the Communist Party was heavily involved in the struggles of the people which arose during the Depression. Communists advocated for unemployment insurance, the right to organize, and for Social Security. The Communist Party attracted some blacks because it consistently renounced racism, worked on economic issues, and pursued legal equity and social justice for blacks. Ch 19 Questions 7. How did the Chicago Renaissance differ from the Harlem Renaissance? 8. How did African Americans create and employ popular culture to counteract negative stereotypes of black people? 9. How did music create a bridge between blacks and whites? 10. How did radio allow African Americans to get their music heard? 11. How did Hollywood films portray African American men and women during the 1930s and 1940s? 2. How did the images of African Americans in film and radio affect white attitudes and behavior toward blacks? 13. Why did black athletes become prominent during the 1930s and 1940s? 14. Explain what the Tuskegee Experiment was, who was responsible for the study, how did it reflect racism in America, and how did it then and now affect the attitudes of African Americans in regard to trusting the health care industry? You may need to review video clips on YouTube on this subject to gather information. Assessment How to cite Afam Studies, Essay examples

Office Art Memo free essay sample

The following essay will identify three examples of each, 19th century Impressionist and Post-Impressionist paintings and seeks to explain how these works fall into the two distinct styles. I we will explain to my boss, who has assigned me the task of managing the art budget and selecting six works to be displayed at the new corporate office, the historical significance of each piece, a description of each piece; with images were possible, and it’s probable placement in a corporate office setting. I will also offer my thoughts as to how each piece is likely to be consistent with our corporate image. I will analyze some possible symbolisms and characteristics of each painting we deem to be appropriate with our company image and business model within the Travel Retail Industry. TO: Mr. Joseph G. Shill Chief Financial Officer Global Travel Group, LLC FROM: R. J. Nodal Corp. Office Art Budget Art Selections 2013 Dear Mr. Shill, Thank you for entrusting me with the selection and management of the artwork for our new corporate office. I have narrowed my focus to the late 19th century French Masters of the Impressionist and Post-Impressionist era. These works are arguably some of the most recognizable in the world and the Impressionist art movement is considered to be the father of most modern art. The works chosen are In line with our corporate image and company culture of challenging tradition and forging innovation in the market place. Impressionism Impressionism was generally viewed as the art movement that pioneered modern art, and considered by many to be a radical departure from the traditionally accepted tenets of the Academie des Beaux-Arts or the classic French Art Academy by which artistic standards were set. The artist of the era gave us a different style of painting, new techniques and the conviction to innovate and break with the traditional conventions of art at the times (Snider, 2001). These modern French masters would arguably become among the most recognized names in the art world, and their works amongst the most valuable. The following three works can be classified in the impressionist style, and by the characteristic associated with that style, primarily the changing effects of natural light and atmospheric conditions as experienced while painting en plein air or outdoors (Sayre, 2011). The Loose, and broken brush-strokes depicting movement is a primary technique of the style. The use of color, specifically the mixing of primary and complimentary pigments against each other, and the portrayal of everyday casual, and leisure scenes are all attributes of the impressionist’s approach. Ultimately at the core of Impressionism, is the capturing of a fleeting moment in time as it is affected by natural light and nature itself (Bernier, 1989). Claude Monet; (1840-1926) Historically significant, this piece is widely regarded as the piece that inspired the critic Louis Leroy to coin the phrase Impressionist. In April 1872. the newspaper Le Charivari’s Louis Leroy wrote a disparaging critique on the L’Exposition des Revoltes, in which a series of independent artist’s displayed their works outside of the official Salon de Arts for the first time, and their works were deemed Impressions or unfinished pieces. Mr. Leroy was specifically commenting on Claude Monet’s â€Å"Impression Sunrise â€Å"( Yurasits, 2011). The painting is of a hazy morning harbor scene at the port of Le Havre evoking a sense of calm and serenity. Yet the silhouettes of the smokestacks and ships masts in the background lend themselves to sense of mystery to what may unfold across the harbor as the sun rises. The use of dull primary hues (blues) and warm secondary colors (oranges) contrast each other perfectly and serve to draw the viewer’s eye toward a central focus, the Sun, just right of center. The Sun’s rays and reflection on the water is illustrated by a series of horizontal brush stokes that depict movement in the water and the play of the suns light upon it. This piece would be well suited and displayed in the executive conference room as it symbolizes the conviction of innovation in a clam controlled manner in line with targets as stated in our corporate mission statement. Impression, soleillevant 1872 Pierre-Auguste Renoir; (1841-1919) This piece viewed as one of Renoir’s most popular and cheerful canvases. It is known to have sold in 1923 for USD $125,000. to American collector, Duncan Phillips and recorded as the highest price paid for a painting at the time (Russell, 2008). Blending various genres, landscape, still life, and portraiture, Renoir depicts a social gathering of friends and colleagues at a favorite restaurant, the Maison Fournaise in Chatou, France. The use of light and color is nothing short of spectacular in this piece and adds to the cheerful and leisurely ambiance of the work. The composition is grounded and balance by the vertical and horizontal elements of the awning and the disbursement of the cast of members. The work is also symbolic of the changing times as a result of industrialization and the progressive rise of the Bourgeois and the charm of their social structures. This piece would show well in any office setting but is best suited for display in the main reception area for all to enjoy as it invokes one of the main target groups of the Travel Retail industry, that of leisure time. Le dejeuner des canotiers 1881 Claude Monet; (1840-1926) In the series of paintings depicting the railway station Saint-Lazare, Monet’s primary focus is on the effects of light and the changing conditions throughout the times of the day. Monet was more concerned with the movement of steam clouds and their interplay with the suns light as it filtered through the overhead glass canopy than with the actual movement of people or trains (Lewandowski, 2006). The imposing metal structure serves to balance the composition as the cold blue/grey hue’s give a sense of strength and modernity. The series of eleven paintings, of which seven were displayed in the 3rd exhibition of the Impressionists in 1877, were significant as there were few if any, precedents (Dowson, 2010). The painting gives the viewer a sense of industrial progress, and a feeling of innovation through technology and machinery. The symbolism is strong, and at once a bold statement of progress, and should be enjoyed by all while displayed at the executive boardroom. Gare Saint-Lazare 1877 Post-Impressionism An evolution from the bases of Impressionist ideas, post-impressionist painter’s sought to move their work into modernity and the future. Incorporating a variety of techniques such as the use of vivid colors and the application of thick layers of paint known as impasto, and the use of geometric shapes in their compositions, the artists took a more personal approach to their work. Post-Impressionist artists were known to have influenced and given rise to other sub-movements such as; Symbolism, Fauvism, Expressionism and Cubism (Sayre, 2011). The following three works were chosen not only because they are representative of the genre, but because they also fit the theme of our focus and of our company’s image of leisure, sociable activities and travel. Vincent van Gogh; (1853-1890) Arguably one of the most recognized works in the world, by any artist, and certainly within the art world. Starry night marks a period in the artist life of tranquility and of imaginative freedom following a history of turmoil and psychological instability. The landscape is the view as depicted from the artist room from a mental hospital or asylum (as they were referred to in that era) where van Gogh had been committed too for approximately one year. The painting is a very personal and subjective view out his window. The church steeple in the center of the small village grounds the composition. Balance, it seems is achieved by the horizontal elements of the background mountains and the vertical elements of the cypress in the foreground. The visible, flowing brushstrokes lend themselves too the movement of the piece, you can almost feel the seemingly strong current of winds blowing, and the glow of the halo’s surrounding the moon and the stars. While this piece, and all art for that matter is interpreted differently by each viewer, this piece in particular says to me; Tranquility among worldly awe. This piece was chosen primarily for it’s instant recognize-ability. It is symbolic of our global footprint and reach. Yet it’s elusive and mysterious qualities seems to say; what do you see in me? This piece will be displayed in the main executive conference room for all attendees to take in and reflect upon. The Starry Night 1889 Again one of Van Gogh’s most famous and prolific works, the painting captures the effects of light as depicted in the yellow lighting of the awning and spilling on to the cobble stone street. The off-centered cafe terrace on the left and the tree on the right foreground balance the composition. The viewer’s eye is drawn toward the middle by the angle of the scene and the horizontal elements of the buildings. The night sky and the foreground shadows play nice off each other and serve to ground the painting. The artist has incorporated his own personal interpretation of what is before him in true Post-Impressionist style, all the wile maintaining aspect of the impressionist approach, the use of lighting and color. Notice that it is a night scene, yet there is no black used in the sky. In keeping with our theme of social interaction and leisurely activities this piece is to be displayed in the main hallway leading to the executive suites. The Cafe Terrace On The Place Du Forum Arles At Night 1888 Henri De Toulouse-Lautrec; (1864-1901) A truly gifted artist, Lautrec was known to capture the real day-to-day scenes of Paris’s red light district of Montmartre. The seedy and bohemian ambiance attracted artist, writers and philosophers alike (Sayre, 2011). Lautrec’s work was significant in that his style influenced the work of such notable painters as Pablo Picasso and Henri Matisse. The below piece portrays what could be a typical evening at the Moulin Rouge. Toulouse-Lautrec preferred to portray in his work a sense of personal interpretation and form while not straying to far from the immediacy of the Impressionists. The use of vivid colors and effects of light are evident in this canvas. Staying with the theme of leisure time and social activities, this painting is a perfect example of that motif and as such is an ideal candidate for display in the main reception lobby of our corporate headquarters. Dance At The Moulin Rouge  1890 It is worth noting that all of the paintings listed here are by famous and world-renowned artist and of very high value. Most, if not all are in the hands of private collectors or museums and available to be enjoyed by the public at large. None of these painting have been seen at auction or have been reported as privately sold in the last decades. Christies of London has reported the last Claude Monet painting to be sold at auction in 2008 â€Å"Le Bassin Aux Nympheas† (not Listed in this essay) sold for just over $86 million USD. Van Gogh’s and Renoir’s have sold for upwards of $100 million dollars. Because of the unfeasible expense we have opted for high quality reproductions averaging between $300. to $500. per piece, and the cost of professionally mounting displaying and lighting each piece of approximately $1200. each, plus any additional costs for unforeseen incidentals. Thus the total budget for the corporate art project should not exceed $15,000. USD. We feel that all the works chosen are inline with our desired corporate image and hope that the all patrons and visitors to our new corporate  offices will enjoy them as much as we have enjoyed researching and selecting them. Additionally, I am compelled and quite pleased to advise you that in light of our corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiative, we have coordinated our efforts with the University of Basel School of the Arts and I am pleased to report that the chair of the art department will initiate a contest among their students for a synopsis of each piece to be included within the displays of the respective pieces. Our company will award the winner of the competition the funds for two semesters of art or art history related classes and books and is completely underwritten and paid for by our public relations and policy division and therefore not affecting our budget.